Air propeller



Patented Sept. a, less.

saga g e is its MARCUS HGLLANDER, F BROOELY a, new sous.

AIR ERQPELLER.

Application filed heptemhez' El, 1922.

To all whom it may 00mm.

Be it known that I, MARCUS Honnancne,

a citizen of the United States of America,

residing at Brooklyn, Kings County, State of New York, have iii-vented certain lroprovements in Air Propellers, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to ropulsion de vices for propellingbodies t rough air or water, and the device is especially adapted V to rise vertically from the ground, move horizontall in any desired direction when afloat in th s air, and also is adapted for travel on land or navigation in the water.

The object of this invention is to make combustible substances such as gasoline, alcohol. or the like, explode and by the force of the explosion to drive out the air contain'edin a special chamber. The escaping stream of air is directed to strike at an inclined plane, which reaction sets the apparatus in motion.

Another object of this invention is to utilize the atmospheric pressure as a motive power for the purpose described. To accomplish this, I direct a part of the con1- pressed air, together with the products of combustion, to pass between the parallel walls over the upper surface of the inclined plane, whereby by its momentum a partial vacuum'is formed. Due to'this vacuum the force of the stream at the opposite side of the plane is increased by the pressure of the atmosphere under it.,

Another object of this invention is to heat the air in the chamber by the burntfuel, thereby increasing the-expansive force of the air.

In the accompanying drawing, I have 40 shown one form of my invention in which drawing Fig. 1 represents a cross-sectional view of an apparatus constructed acoordingto my' invention;

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal secti taken on line AA, F ig. 1; v

ig. 3 is asimilar view taken on line B-B, Fig. l;

Fig. 4 is a sectional TT, Fig. 3; 4

Fig. 5 is a similar view taken on line E- E, Fig. 3;

45 onal view,

view taken on line eciprocate in the Serial No. 587,563.

l ig. is an enlarged detail view of the rod or link 22, shown in Fig. 1; and

F 1g. 7 is an enlarged sectional view on line C--C Fig. 1.

Referring to the accompanying drawing, 1 indicates a bottle shaped cylinder. The up per part of it, or the neck, which is cup shaped .at thefcenter, as at 2, serves as a combustion chamber, while the lower part forms a compressing chamber. The cylinder 1. provided with a ring-shaped opening at the bottom as at 38. Within the cylinder 1,

I place a ring-shaped piston 18, adapted to I said combustion'chamber 10, and connected to a. ring-shaped valve 19 by rods 29 "which in turn are connected to a center rod 21. reciprocating in the sleeve 37. Piston 18 an valve 19 are ring-shaped for the purpose, of enlarging the area of the opening: 5 r the admission of the inrushing air and the escape of the exploding gases respectively; The combustion chamber 10 is provided with the air inlet 8, fuel inlet 9 and the spark plugs 10* and 10 Since the m produce explosion are not part of my invention, the details, such as carburetors, timers, etc. are not shown inv the drawing.

The compressing chamber 1 is provided with plurality of double slots 11, 12 arranged one above the other. each in a horizontal position. Each set of slots is radiall situated opposite other set to establish a state of equilibrium.

At the exterior of cylinder 1, at both ends of the horizontal slots 11, 12, parallel walls 15, 16 are secured. The walls are placed perpendicular to the slots 11, 12. Between the slots, 1. secure an inclined plane 17, the position of which is parallel to the slots butperpendicular to thewalls 15, 16, as shown in Fi ures ,4: and 5.

Walls 15, 16 are adapted to direct the course of the stream of thevfiuids expelled from the chamber, to prevent the expansion of the fluid sideways and also to prevent the surrounding air from penetrating and breaking the vacuum formed between the upper surface of the plane and the upper stream as it will be hereinafter described.

The combustion chamber 10 is provided with two pair of, slots {7 arranged one n 30, will front of the other in a vertical position, each set opbosite theother and also "with curved planes P P between the slots and parallel to them.

At both. ends of the slots, at the enterlor of the combustion chamber pareliel wells 15', 16 are secured in a horizontal position perpendicular to slots 7 and curved planes P P as shown in Fi 2.

To control the low of the stream, the sliding valves 4; are placed in the nests 3. These valves are pivotally connected to rods 5, which are fulcrumed as at 6. The rods 5 are leced within the reach of theioperator.

T e connecting rod 22 at the end of the piston rod 21 is provided with spring clumps 23 and sockets 2% which are adopted to fit into the pins 2%, and the flywheel 26 the pins 24% are grooved es 25 for the reception of the clamps 23, whereby the rod 22 ma be easily changed from one pin to the ct er.

The action of my device is substantially as follows:

When fuel and air are sucked in through the inlets 8 and 9 by the action of piston 18 into the combustion chamber 10 and ignited by plugs 1%, piston 18 and valve 19 will, by the force oi the explosion, move out wardly and close the opening 38 at the bot tom of cylinder 1 opening simultaneously the combustion chamber 16.. Due to the explosion, the in the lower chamber will be driven out through the horizontal outlets 11., 12,,13 and 14 in the direction of arrows 30 and' hl. The air, together with the prod ucts of combustion, due to the explosion,

will escape with great velocity through the slots 11 and 1% and will strike the inclined plane 1?, as indicated by arrow 31 and will continue to move in the direction of the dotted line 32.

sir, which will. esccgie through the slots 12 and 13, in the direction of arrow. cerry ewey the air from the upper surface of the inclined plane l3, forming u partial vacuum between the stream and the plane, es indicated by error-r E. Due the vacuum between the streem end the plane, the atmosphere from will deflect the stream in the direction of the dotted line 3%, so that both streams will close together as at 35, so that a vacuum will be main tained between the upper stream and the inclined plane during the flow of the stream, thus reducing the pressure from the upper surface of plane 17 while the etmosnhere at the opposite side in. addition with the action of stream 31 will force the plane upwards carrying the cylinder and attachments thereto, such as'irameworlr, fuel, etc, with it in vertical direction. When the lower chamber is emptied, valves 19 wili. partly, by the pressure of the outside atmosphere and partly by the action of the flywheel move essence and close the combustion chamber inwardly 10 while fresh air will rush in through opening 38"to again fill the chamber for the next operation. r

"l o propel the machine in a horizontal direction, valves 4-4 are open end a part of the air will escape through the vertical slots or outlets 2 -7 and strike the vertical inclined planes p, forcin the plane to move horizonta ly while the o'rizontal plane will propel the machine vertically.

To propel the machine on the ground or water, that is to say, when no vertical motion is desired, rod 22 is detached from pin 2% and attached to pin 25, thus len hemng the rod and shortening the stroke 0' the piston, so that the combustion chamber is always kept closed by the piston, thus allowing the expanded gases to escape through the vertical slots 7 only. The action W111 be the same as above described, to wit, the gas formed by the explosion will be expelled with great speed through slots 7 and strike the vertical inclined planes p-pat one side and form a partial vacuum at the opposite side, producing the result above mentioned.

In order to steer the machine to the right or left, one of the valves will have to be closed, that is to so to steer tothe ri ht, the right valve should be closed, while w en the'le'ft valve is closed, the machine will turn to the left. It is understood that rods 5-5 and the controlling parts of the explosions (not shown in the drawings) are placed within the reach of the operator. As it is seen from above, when applying rod 22' at pin 25 and keeping the valves closed, the ma.- chine will move vertically only, while with open valves the machine will move vertically and horizontally simultaneously. Should rod 22 be attached on pin 24, the machine will move horizontally only. It is understood that this apparatus is so designed to convert the energy creat ed by the ex losion into a direct action while the air eated in the chamber will add to the efiiciency of the 'appurstus.

28 indicates means by which the propeller can be attached to anything desired to pro poll. it should be understood that the stream of the heated fluid can also be a plied at one side. of the plane only, shouLd the same be directed over theconvexed surface of the plane. In addition to the repulsing force of the stream the. air above will be rarified by the hot gases, thus reducing the pressure above while the normal atmosphere at the opposite side of the plane will force the plane to move in the direction ot the rarified air. It should be distinctly understood that the space between the opening surface of the plane and the upper. stream indicated by arrow E in Figure 1 is especially provided to enablethe upper s ream and the plane which are under the chamber,

notion of the atmospheric pressure due to the vacuum between them to approach each the evacuated space.

other and to move into As it is seen, the functions of the exploded fuel are many. It serves as an air compressor compressing the air in the chamber by its expansion force and simultaneously will heat the air in the chamber increasing the eiliciency of some. The hot air in cornbination with the hot gases when directed over the convex surface of the plane will repulse and rarity the sir above said planes, thus reducing the pressure oi the utmosphere end finally will act direct against the concave surface of the plane which reaction will cause the apparatus to move.

Having described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Putent is 2-- 1. in an air propeller a bottle-shaped cylinder consisting of combustion and compressing chumbers with openings atthe bottoms and sides thereof, a piston in the combustion chamber to permit expansion of the combustible substances into the compressing chamber, said expanded substances being adapted to compress the air in said compressing chemmiv 2.111 an air propeller a bottle-shaped cylinder consisting of acombustion chamber adapted to have combustible substances exploded therein, a. compressing chamber to have a volume of air compressed therein by the discharge from said combustion chamber said chambers being provided with openings at the bottoms and sides thereof, it ring-shaped. piston within the combustion chamber, a ringsheped valve within the coinpr-es'ing chamber, arranged so as to open one of the chambers by closing the other, vice versa.

In on air propeller a bottle-shape cylssing chambers with openings at the bottoms and sides thereof, a ring-shaped piston within the combustion chamber, a ring-she. ed valve w'thin the air chembej, arranged so as to open one or the chembe s by closing the other, and vice verse, and means to operuteone of the chambers independent of the other. i

4. In a. device of the character described consisting of combustion and chambers, with ringshsped openings at the bottoms thereof, means to open one of the chambers by closing the other, and vice versa, means to operate one of the chambers independent of the other, eplurality of double slots in the well of the compressing arranged one above the other in horizontal position, said slots being radially situated each set opposite the other to bid-- once the reaction of the expelled fluids.

5. In combinatlonwith an air propeller consistlng of a combustion chamber adapted planes betweenv -ides consisting of combustion and com-- compressing.

the discharge from said combustion chamher, as. plurality ofs ets of slots in the wall of the compressing chamber placed one above the other for the passing of the compressed hir through said slots, inclined the double slots at the exterior of the compressing chamber, said planes being arranged parallel with the slots in a horizontal position.

6. ln a device of the character described consisting of combustion and compressing chambers, means in the combustion chamber to compress the air in the compressing chamher, a plurality of inclined planes atthe exterior of the compressing chamber, a plurality of pairs of narrow outlets in the wall of the compressing chamber, placed above and.

under the inclined planes, said outlets being adapted to direct part to flow over the inclined planes and iino ther part of the contents of the chamber to pass under the co cave side of the plane.

'2'. In an an propeller, consisting of com bustion and compressing chambers, a plurality'of narrow outlets in the walls of said chambers, a, plurality of inclined planes between the outlets at the exterior of the chamhers and parallel walls on'both ends of the planes, said walls being parallel with each other but. perpendicular to the inclined planes and slots.

8. in an air propeller the combination of combustion and compressing chambers, a plurality of inclined planes radially situated at the exterior of the compressing chamber, and opposite each other in horizontal positions, narrow pressino' chamber arranged above and under the inclined planes, the, upper slots being some distance apart from the plane, said space being adapted to enable the upper' stream to deflect and the plane to move into said evacuated space, by the pressure-0f the atmosphere.

9. In an air propeller, consisting of 8; cylindex, a plurality of inclined planes at the exterior of the cylinder, narrow slots at both sides of the planes,

10. In an air propeller the combinhtion of combustion and compressing chambers, a,

plurality of inclined planes at the exterior of the compressing chamber, parallel walls at both ends of the planes, narrow outlets in the wall of the chamber at both sides of the planes perpendicular to the walls, said outlets being adapted to direct part of the com- I of the compressed air outlets in the wall of the comside walls perpendicular to the slots and planes, said walls being pressed air to pass between the parallel Walls and over the convex surface of the planes, and to direct another part of the contents of the chamber to strike at the concave surface of the plane forcing it upward.

11. In an air propeller, the combination of combustion and compressing chambers, means to explode combustible substances Within the combustion chamber, two sets of slots in the Wall of the combustion chamber, opposite each other, one slot being placed in front of the'other and ina vertical position, curved planes between the slots at the exterior oi the combustion chamber, parallel to the slots, parallel walls at both ends of the planes at the exterior of the combustion chamber, arranged in horizontal positions perpendicular to the slots and planes.

12. In a combination with combustion chamber, means toexplode combustible substances in the combustion chamber, curved planes at the exterioriof the chamber arranged one opposite the other in a vertical position, -means to direct part of the expanded substance to pass between the parallel walls at the front of the curved planes, said stream being adapted to repulse the air adjacent the front of theplanes and also to rarity the air by heating same. 13. In an air propeller, a bottle-shaped casing consisting of a combustion chamber ada ted to have combustible substances explo ed therein, means to direct part of the contents of the combustion chamber, to pass in front of curved planes, means to direct another part of the products of the explosion to strike at the concave surface at the rear of the plane, and means to direct another part of the product of the explosion to escape into the compressing chamber, expelling the contents of same by its expanding force.

14. In an air propeller, the combination of a combustion and compressing chamber, narrow outlets in the combustion chamber ar-- the other, inclined planes between the narrow outlets at the exterior of the compressing chamber, said inclined planes being adapted to propel the device vertically.

MARCUS HOLLANDER, 

